Abstract Ischemic retinopathies are the major causes of blindness. yet effective early-stage treatments remain limited due to an incomplete understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms. Significant changes in gene expression often precede structural and functional alterations. Transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are emerging as novel gene regulators. https://safeersappliancers.shop/product-category/integrated-fridge-freezers/