In The VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) lifecycle, tape-out is often viewed as a major milestone. However, the true test of a chip begins only after silicon returns from fabrication. Post-silicon validation and bring-up represent the critical phase where theoretical correctness meets physical reality. At this stage, engineers must confirm https://dominickntqnh.wikievia.com/11066109/post_silicon_validation_and_bring_up_the_final_test_of_vlsi_design_quality