The Semiconductor industry has become a strategic pillar of the global economy, supporting advancements in computing, communication, defense, automotive electronics, and artificial intelligence. As devices become more intelligent and interconnected, the complexity of integrated circuits continues to rise. This growing complexity has significantly increased the expectations placed on V... https://classroomboardmanufacture98531.nizarblog.com/39809600/understanding-the-physical-design-perspective-in-modern-vlsi-education